今天我从《经济学人》的一篇文章《Canine crushes》，看到了四种关于“狗”的表达，所以想借这篇推文做一个归纳总结，我们一起来看：
这里给大家介绍四个词：canine, poodle, pooch, pedigree
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canine
adj.犬(科)的;狗的
音标：/'keɪnaɪn/
英文释义：
Canine means relating to dogs.
例如：
research into canine diseases.
犬类疾病的研究
当然我们表示“犬齿”就可以用“canine teeth”来表达
“canine”是一个很正式的词，平常在阅读文章中出现较多，大家可以留意一下~
poodle
n.贵宾犬；贵妇犬；鬈毛狗
音标：/'puːd(ə)l/
英文释义：
A poodle is a type of dog with thick curly hair.
例如：
Because there's usually a lot of cute poodles there and I like poodles.
因为他们通常有很多可爱的贵宾狗，而且我喜欢贵宾狗。
pooch
n.狗
音标：/puːtʃ/
英文释义：
A pooch is a dog.
例如：
With over 83m pooches roaming the country, that is a lot of poop.
超过8300万流浪狗游走在城市之间，这可是个不小的“粪”量。----《经济学人》
pedigree
n.（狗、猫等动物的）血统记录，纯种谱系
音标：
/'pedɪgriː/
英文释义：
If a dog, cat, or other animal has a pedigree, its ancestors are known and recorded. An animal is considered to have a good pedigree when all its known ancestors are of the same type.
例如：
60 percent of dogs and ten per cent of cats have pedigrees.
60%的狗和10%的猫有血统记录。
当然在上面的外刊例句中，“pedigree”在这里作形容词，表示“有纯种谱系证明的；纯种的”【A pedigree animal is descended from animals which have all been of a particular type, and is therefore considered to be of good quality.】
因为有这个意思，它还有一个延伸义，作为名词 还可以表示“背景；出身；门第；世系”【Someone's pedigree is their background or their ancestors.】
举个栗子：
She had an impeccable aristocratic pedigree.
她有纯正的贵族血统。
注：impeccable 表示“无瑕疵的；没有缺点的”
当然，前两天有一篇文章中降到了“dog”的【熟词生义】 ，作为动词可以表示“困扰;折磨;纠缠 ”
If problems or injuries dog you, they are with you all the time.
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例句：
①The problems that have dogged him all year are just a temporary setback.
一时的挫折竟困扰了他一整年。
②His career has been dogged by bad luck.
他在事业上一直不走运。
这里的“dog”也等同于“plague”【If you are plagued by unpleasant things, they continually cause you a lot of trouble or suffering.】
我们来看经济学人的两个栗子：
dog eat dog
狗咬狗;残酷无情的竞争;自相残杀
英英释义：
You use dog eat dog to express your disapproval of a situation where everyone wants to succeed and is willing to harm other people in order to do so.
例句：
①It is very much dog eat dog out there.
那儿的竞争异常残酷。
②The TV business today is a dog-eat-dog business.
当前电视业的竞争残酷无情。
拓展：
这里讲一个类似的表达：rat race 激烈竞争，你争我抢的生活
英文解释是：Rat race is used to describe a fierce competition, usually in the business field.
例如：
I had to get out of the rat race to avoid being the fair game of the business field.
我一定要退出这样激烈的竞争，以免成为商业领域的牺牲品。
除此之外，关于“dog”的短语还有很多，比如yellow dog 卑鄙的人，懦夫
Taylor Swift的歌《evermore》：有一句歌词是
“Or the violence of the dog days‘’
还是三伏酷暑
这里的“dog days ”就表示“三伏天 ”
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“like a dog with two tails ”表示非常高兴
every dog has his day人皆有得意之时、每个人都有成功的机会
例如：
They tell you that every dog has his day , but mine is a long time coming.
人们常说风水轮流转，但是我的好运却迟迟不来。
总之，关于“dog”的短语还有很多，大家可以自己去词海探索哦~
